Effects of Bacteriospermia on Semen Parameters and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern among Infertile Males in Dutse, Jigawa State Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Infertility is a global public health issue that leads to psychological, social, and economic challenges, particularly affecting women. This study investigates the prevalence of abnormalities in seminal fluid and identifies common organisms along with their antibiotic sensitivities in male partners of infertile couples at RSFUTH in Jigawa State, Nigeria.

Methods: Conducted as a prospective cross-sectional design, it involved 389 infertile male subjects attending the andrology clinic at RSFUTH. Semen samples were analyzed over an 18-month period.

Results: The findings indicated that 68.9% of the participants had primary infertility, while 31.1% had secondary infertility. A significant 68.6% incidence of bacteriospermia was observed, primarily caused by S. aureus. Notable antibiotic resistance was identified, with S. aureus exhibiting resistance to penicillin (72%), ciprofloxacin (54%), and clindamycin (88%), but remaining sensitive to moxifloxacin (79%) and gentamicin (80%). Escherichia coli showed resistance to cefuroxime (52%) and levofloxacin (70%) but was sensitive to amikacin and gentamicin. Streptococcus species were resistant to gentamicin, while Enterococcus faecalis demonstrated minimal resistance.

Conclusion: This study revealed significant antibiotic resistance affecting male fertility due to bacteriospermia. The findings necessitate the need for semen analysis in diagnosing and managing infertility. Future research should consider larger samples and multiple center involvement to validate these results and enhance clinical practice.